China’S Global Security Initiative (Gsi) And Belt And Road (Bri): Shaping New Peace And Security Norms In Africa

Abstract

China’s Global Security Initiative (GSI) and Belt and Road Initiative (BRI) are redefining the frameworks of peace and security engagement in Africa. This study aims to critically examine how these Chinese initiatives are shaping new norms within African security landscapes, departing from traditional Western-centric models. A qualitative research methodology is employed, utilizing document analysis of policy papers, speeches, and multilateral agreements, supplemented by expert interviews from African diplomatic and security communities. Thematic analysis is used as the primary data analysis technique to identify emerging patterns and narratives. Findings reveal that China's GSI promotes a model of security emphasizing state sovereignty, political non-interference, and economic development as pillars of stability, while the BRI embeds security concerns into infrastructure and investment projects across the continent. The research recommends that African states critically assess the long-term impacts of aligning with Chinese security frameworks, ensuring these align with their own governance priorities and human security needs. Future implications suggest that the evolution of Sino-African security relations could redefine global peacebuilding norms, creating alternative models to Western liberal peace agendas. The study concludes that while China's approach offers new opportunities, it also presents challenges that require strategic navigation by African policymakers.

Key Words: China, Global Security Initiative (GSI), Belt and Road Initiative (BRI), Africa, Peacebuilding, Security Norms