Unveiling the Digital Peril in Pakistan: Exploring the Pervasive Influence of Cyber-Harassment on the Mental Health Outcomes of Young Adults

Abstract

Abstract

Cyber-harassment is a growing concern worldwide, with significant implications for mental health, particularly among young adults. This study explores the impact of cyber-harassment on mental health outcomes, specifically depression, anxiety, and stress, among young adults in Pakistan. A purposive sample of 300 participants (150 males, 150 females; aged 18–25 years) from public and private universities in Lahore was recruited. Participants completed the Depression, Anxiety, and Stress Scale-21 (DASS-21) and the Cyber-Victimization Scale (CYBVICS). Ethical considerations were prioritized, and individuals with pre-existing mental disorders or medical conditions were excluded to ensure the study's focus on the direct effects of cyber-harassment. Statistical analyses revealed a significant positive correlation between cyber-harassment and depression (r = .515, p < .001), anxiety (r = .491, p < .001), and stress (r = .440, p < .001). Regression analyses indicated that cyber-harassment significantly predicts depression (β = .51, p < .001), anxiety (β = .49, p < .001), and stress (β = .44, p < .001), with depression showing the strongest association. The findings highlight the pervasive influence of cyber-harassment on the psychological well-being of young adults, emphasizing the urgent need for preventative strategies and mental health interventions tailored to this population. This study underscores the critical role of addressing cyber-harassment as a public health issue and offers valuable insights for policymakers, educators, and mental health professionals. Future research is recommended to explore longitudinal impacts and the effectiveness of targeted intervention programs to mitigate the adverse outcomes of cyber-harassment.

Keywords: Cyber-Harassment, Mental Health Outcomes, Depression, Anxiety, and Stress, Young Adults, Pakistan